MXene-Configured Intelligent Mask for Long-Term Sleep Breathing Assessment during Assisted Ventilation.
2026-07-11, ACS sensors (10.1021/acssensors.6c00782) (online)Ning Ma, Meng Gao, Jie Li, Xiaosen Pan, Yunsheng Fang, Xiaojuan Wang, Jiaqi Zhao, Nanpei Li, Yutian Wang, Yuyang Sun, Ruiming Liu, and Boyue Liu (?)
Positive airway pressure therapy serves as a core therapeutic strategy for sleep-disordered breathing, with its efficacy generally evaluated via sleep breathing assessment. Nevertheless, the prevailing flow and pressure-based methods remain insufficient in both accuracy and interference resistance. Here, we propose an intelligent ventilation mask system based on the impedance humidity-sensing mechanism for long-term continuous and accurate respiratory pattern monitoring and evaluation. The integrated sensor is based on TiCT MXenes modified with dopamine-functionalized polyethyleneimine, which forms a wrinkled surface that increases the active area for water adsorption and provides a passivation effect to inhibit oxidation-induced performance degradation in humid atmospheres. The fabricated sensor exhibits high sensitivity (average of 2.29 × 10 Ω/%RH) and low humidity hysteresis (<0.83%). Even after extreme temperatures (100 °C/-20 °C) and 90-day exposure, it can maintain consistent performance. Integrated with a machine learning algorithm, the system identifies 11 respiratory patterns (5 normal and 6 abnormal) with 99.74% accuracy under ventilatory airflow and analyzes 8-hour continuous nighttime sleep data via customized software. This lays the groundwork for improving the long-term management of sleep-disordered breathing in both clinical and home settings.
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